Obesity

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Obesity is a term used to describe body weight that is much greater than what is considered healthy. If you are obese, you have a much higher amount of body fat than lean muscle mass. Adults with a BMI greater than 30 are considered obese. Anyone more than 100 pounds overweight or with a BMI greater than 40 is considered morbidly obese. [1] BMI is calculated by using the following formula: the body weight in kilograms divided by the height in meters squared [kg/m2].

Contents

Causes

Primary obesity can be the result of (i) eating more food than the body can use, (ii) drinking too much alcohol, (iii) not getting enough exercise or (iv) use of steroids, oral contraceptives, insulin and few other drugs. Certain thyroid problems (hypothyroidism) may also lead to signficant weight gain. Genetic factors play some part in the development of obesity. Children of obese parents are 10 times more likely to be obese than children with parents of normal weight.

Prevalence

The percentage of children and adolescents who are overweight has doubled and tripled respectively in the last 20 years in the United States. [2] 34 percent of U.S. adults aged 20 and over are obese. [3]

Thirteen percent of women in India are overweight or obese (10 percent are overweight and 3 percent are obese), as per the data and report from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS). [4] The report further states that this is a growing problem in India, with the percentage of ever-married women age 15-49 who are overweight or obese increasing from 11 percent in NFHS-2 to 15 percent in NFHS-3. About one-quarter or more of women have a BMI of 25 or more and 5-10 percent have a BMI of 30 or more. The data also indicates that undernutrition decreases, overnutrition increases by approximately the same amount. Studies report that Indians are genetically susceptible to weight accumulation especially around the waist. While studying 22 different SNPs near to MC4R gene, scientists have identified a SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) named rs12970134 to be mostly associated with waist circumference. [5]

Hazards of obesity

Obesity is a significant health threat. The extra weight puts unusual stress on all parts of the body. It raises the risk of diabetes, stroke, heart disease, kidney disease, and gallbladder disease. Conditions such as high blood pressure and high cholesterol, which were once thought to mainly affect adults, are often seen in children who are obese. Obesity may also increase the risk for some types of cancer. Persons who are obese are more likely to develop osteoarthritis and sleep apnea.

CAM Therapy for Managing Obesity

Ayurveda

Homeopathy

Homoeopathy helps in managing obesity. There are many drugs available in the literature to manage the obesity. In cases like obesity homoeopathic drugs may be prescribed in two ways. One is on the constitutional basis based on totality of symptoms, which would help in managing the tendency to become obese. Second is the pathology specific prescription, which is often prescribed in mother tincture or low potencies to act on cellular level in a way homoeopathic to achive functional normalcy. Moderating the diet intake and adequate physical work or exercise are required to manage the problem. No treatment can help alone in managing overweight and obesity, if the imbalance between intake and requirement is continued. If the obesity is due to other conditions (see below for the causes of obesity), that is to be ruled out and treated accordingly.

Remedies in General

Ammonium muriaticum 3x – 6: Body fat, but legs thin; it is especially adapted to obese, puffy and sluggish patients who have respiratory troubles, who always feel tired and sore. Angustura vera 6: Suitable for people who constitutionally obese Antimonium crudum 6 and higher: Young people disposed to obesity Asa foetida 3x – 6: Suits heavy, bloated people with bone diseases Baryta carbonica 3x, 6, 30: For anxiety and palpitation of the heart, found in obese elderly women; adults tend to obesity; genital hypoplasia, delay of puberty with obesity Calcarea carbonica 3x, 6x and higher: Tendency to obesity; with pot bellies; obesity in children and young people. Calotropis gigantea 1x, 3x: Obesity, while flesh decreases, muscles become harder and firmer Carbo vegetabilis 3x and higher: Obese overfed (deep hoarse voice) with burning and colics (Gall stones) Fucus vesiculosis Q: Thyroid enlargement in obese subjects; 5 drop dose after meals in simple and non-toxic oiter, with obesity Graphites 6: Suited to women, inclined to obesity, who suffer from habitual constipation; with a history of delayed menstruation; unhealthy obesity in the old Phytolacca Berry Q: Tincture of Phytolacca Berry for sore throats and in the treatment of obesity; as an anti-fat [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20]

Remedies on specific indications (to be selected subject to matching symptom complex)

(i) Obesity post-operative or after mechanical abortion: Apis mellifica, Arnica, Berberis vulgaris, Calcarea arsenicosa, Calcarea fluorica, Carbo vegetabilis, Colchicum, Guaiacum, Kalium carbonicum, Pulsatilla, Sepia, Silicea, Sulphur, Thuja. (ii) Obesity in children: Antimonium crudum, Baryta carbonica, Calcarea carbonica, Capsicum, Chamomilla, Ferrum metallicum, Kalium bichromicum, Pulsatilla, Saccharum officinalis. (iii) Obesity with much sweating of body: Aesculus hippocatanum, Ammonium carbonicum, Calcarea carbonica, Carbo vegetabilis, Chamomilla, Graphites, Iodium, Kalium carbonicum, Pulsatilla, Sepia, Silicea, Sulphur, Thuja. (iv) Obesity with much chilliness: Ammonium carbonicum, Calcarea arsenicosa, Calcarea carbonica, Capsicum, Carbo vegetabilis, Colchicum, Graphites, Kalium carbonicum, Nux vomica, Pulsatilla, Silicea. (v) Obesity with feeling of great heat in body: Aesculus hippocastanum, Antimonium crudum, Carbo vegetabilis, Chamomilla, Iodium, Phytolacca, Pulsatilla, Sepia, Thuja. (v) Obesity with much hunger: Calcarea carbonica, Cina, Fucus vesiculosus, Graphites, Iodium, Kalium carbonicum, Nux vomica, Phytolacca, Psorinum, Sulphur, Thuja. (vi) Obesity with difficult breathing: Ammonium carbonicum, Apis mellifica, Blatta orientalis, Calcarea aresenicosa, Calcarea carbonica, Capsicum, Carbo vegetabilis, Ferrum metallicum, Kalium bichromicum, Kalium carbonicum, Lobelia inflata, Natrum sulphuricum, Nux vomica, Phytolacca, Pulsatilla, Sulphur. (vii) Biochemics: Calcarea fluorica 3x, Natrum phosphoricum 3x, Natrum sulphuricum 3x, Silicea 12x [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26] [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35]


References

  1. ↑ Obesity
  2. ↑ Obesity
  3. ↑ New CDC Study Finds No Increase in Obesity Among Adults; But Levels Still High
  4. ↑ International Institute for Population, Sciences (IIPS) and Macro International. 2007. National FamilyHealth Survey (NFHS-3), 2005–06: India: Volume I., Mumbai: IIPS
  5. ↑ Chambers JC, Elliott P, Zabaneh D, Zhang W, Li Y, Froguel P, Balding D, Scott J, Kooner JS., Common genetic variation near MC4R is associated with waist circumference and insulin resistance, Nat Genet. 2008 Jun;40(6):716-8. Epub 2008 May
  6. ↑ Clarke J. H., The Prescriber
  7. ↑ Kansal K., The Biochemics
  8. ↑ Allen H. C., Keynotes And Characteristics With Comparisons
  9. ↑ Boericke W., Pocket Manual Of Homeopathic Materia Medica
  10. ↑ Lilienthal S., Homoeopathic Therapeutics
  11. ↑ Gupta R. L., Directory Of Diseases And Cures In Homoeopathy
  12. ↑ Vithoulkas G., Materia Medica Viva
  13. ↑ Mathur K. N., Systematic Materia Medica Of Homoeopathic Remedies
  14. ↑ Murphy R., Homeopathic Remedy Guide
  15. ↑ Allen J. H., The Chronic Miasms : Sycosis, Psora And Pseudo-Psora
  16. ↑ Gibson D. M., Studies Of Homoeopathic Remedies
  17. ↑ Rastogi D. P., Homeopathic Gems
  18. ↑ Murphy R., Homeopathic Medical Repertory
  19. ↑ Boericke W., Pocket Manual Of Homeopathic Materia Medica
  20. ↑ Anshutz E. P., Sexual Ills And Diseases
  21. ↑ Clarke J. H., The Prescriber
  22. ↑ Kansal K., The Biochemics
  23. ↑ Allen H. C., Keynotes And Characteristics With Comparisons
  24. ↑ Boericke W., Pocket Manual Of Homeopathic Materia Medica
  25. ↑ Lilienthal S., Homoeopathic Therapeutics
  26. ↑ Gupta R. L., Directory Of Diseases And Cures In Homoeopathy
  27. ↑ Vithoulkas G., Materia Medica Viva
  28. ↑ Mathur K. N., Systematic Materia Medica Of Homoeopathic Remedies
  29. ↑ Murphy R., Homeopathic Remedy Guide
  30. ↑ Allen J. H., The Chronic Miasms : Sycosis, Psora And Pseudo-Psora
  31. ↑ Gibson D. M., Studies Of Homoeopathic Remedies
  32. ↑ Rastogi D. P., Homeopathic Gems
  33. ↑ Murphy R., Homeopathic Medical Repertory
  34. ↑ Boericke W., Pocket Manual Of Homeopathic Materia Medica
  35. ↑ Anshutz E. P., Sexual Ills And Diseases
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